Networking and Internet Commands

Commons tools

ifconfig: To check the status of the wireless connection you are using (to see if wlan0 has acquired an IP address).
iwconfig: To check which network the wireless adapter is using.
iwlist wlan0 scan: Prints a list of the currently available wireless networks.
iwlist wlan0 scan | grep ESSID: Use grep along with the name of a field to list only the fields you need (for example to just list the ESSIDs).
ping: Tests connectivity between two devices connected on a network. For example, ping 10.0.0.32 will send a packet to the device at IP 10.0.0.32 and wait for a response. It also works with website addresses.
wget http://www.website.com/example.txt: Downloads the file example.txt from the web and saves it to the current directory.
nmap: Scans your network and lists connected devices, port number, protocol, state (open or closed) operating system, MAC addresses, and other information.